Engine-cylinder-sleeve sealing means



Q NBv-Q' 1923. 1

A. A.BULL ET "AL ENGINE CYLINDER SLEEVE SEALING MEANS Filed July 2, 1920fi/fifme @51 Q'ttoz'ne vw REX, 0.0/11? W 7 Patented Nov. 6, 1923.

p 1,473,139 PATENT OFFICE}.

ARTHUR A. BULL AND REX C. DAR-HELL, 0F DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNORS TOGENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OFDELAWARE.

ENGINE-CYLINDER-SLEEVE SEALING MEANS.

Application filed July 2,

T 0 all whom iv may concern.

Be it known that we, ARTHUR A. B LL and Bax C. DARNELL, subject of theof Great Britain, and citizen of the Unitec States, respectively, andresidents of Detroit, county of Wayne, and State of Michigan, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Engine-CylindenSleeveSealing Means, of :which the follow ng is a full, clear, concise, andexact description, such as will enable others skilled in the art towhichthe invention relates to make and use the same, reference being madetherem to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of thisSpecification.

The invention relates to hydro-carbon I motors having removablecylinders, and particularly to the shape and form of cylinders and thegeneral arrangement of the gaskets therefor. I

One of the objects of the invention is the provision of means forpermitting the cylinders to be removed and at the same time permittingthem to expand uniformly under the influence of the heat developed bythe explosions.

Another object of the invention is the provision of means on thecylinders whereby .when they are forced home in the jacket the gasketsemployed therewith will be compressed so as to form joints between thecylinders and jackets that are proof agamst leakage of water and gases.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a motor having abuilt-up cylin= der and jacket construction that may be readilyassembled and disassembled which is comparatively inexpensive and simpleto manufacture. I

Other objects and advantages will appear from the following descriptionand claims.

On the drawing z 7 Fig. 1, represents a vertical section of an engineshowing a cylinder in operative position in its jacket. I

Fig. 2, is a vertical section on an enlarged scale, parts broken away,showing the cylinder in position to be forced to its seat in the jacket;and

Fig. 3, is a similar view showing the cylin'- der in its operativeposition in the jacket.

Fig. 1, is a plan view on section line 4- 1 of Fig. 1, parts brokenaway.

Referring to the drawing the reference its entire circumference with acut-away 1920. Serial No. 393,740.

numeral 1 designates a hydro-carbon engine having one or more cylinders,which may be of any type, but as here shown is of the 5. head type ofcylinder, i. e., one in which the valves are located laterally of thecylin- As shown, the engine is provided with the usual carburetor 2,intake 3, exhaust manifold t, intake valve 4: exhaust valve 5 and piston5.

The jacket or casing 6 has at its upper end an inwardly extendingsupport 7 counterbored to provide a seat 8 in which fits the flange 12of a removable cylinder 10. The thickness of the flange 12 is the sameas the depth of the seat 8. An inwardly extending support 11 at theopposite end of the casing engages the lower end of the cylinder. Forconvenience of description the supports 7 and 11 are termed the upperand lower supports respectively.

The cylinder 10 having one end tapered fora portion of its length isprovided at its other end with a flange 12 which, when it is firmlyseated on the seat 8, has its upper edge flush with the upper end of thecasing or jacket 6. The flange 12 is provided about ortion forming acamming surface. Tiny form of camming surface may be employed, the oneshown is formed by beveling the lower corner of the flange 12 to formthe inclined or cumming surfme 13.

A gasket 14. preferably of some fire-proof material is adapted to beengaged by the camming or inclined surface 13 on the flange, to distortand force it into the corner formed by the bottom and side walls of theseat 8 when the cylinder is forced to its operative position. The gasketis of such size that it is made to completely fill the space between thebeveled portion of the flange 12 and the side and bottom walls of theseat permits the use of such a gasket. It will be noted that thecylinder has a uniform bore and that its lower end is tapered from itsouter surface as shown at 17.

It will thus be apparent that when the cylinder is forced to positionthrough the support 7 to seat the flange 12 firmly on the seat 8 thelower end of the cylinder will readily pass through the gaskets 1G andthat the inclined surface 17 will compress the same to form awater tightjoint without it being necessary to make more than a snug fit befluid.By this arrangement the cooling fluid comes in direct contact with thewalls of the cylinder itself.

A cap or cylinder head provided with the usual spark plug 18 ignitionchamber 19 and space 20 for the cooling fluid, has its inner portion 25extending across the joint between the cylinder flange and the jacket orcasing. In applying the bolts 21 to secure the cap or cylinder head inposition the surface 25 will engage the flange 12 to force the lowersurfaces 13 and 26 of the flange 12 in firm engagement againstthe gasket14 and the upper surface of the shoulder or seat 8, re-

spectively, to thereby secure the cylinder firmly in position whereby a.non-lealnible fire-proof joint is produced. A gasket 22 is interposedbetween the cylinder head and the jacket or casing 6.

' It will be observed by reference to Fig. 4: that the portion 25extends inward onto the flange 12 of the cylinder for a greater portionof the. eircumfercnce of the cvlil'ider,

thus protecting the joint between the flange 12 and the jacket or casing6, but leaving the portion of the joint adjacent the valve unprotected.It is on account of this exposed portion of the oint and the consequentleakage of the explosive mixture and products of combustion through thejoint at this .point that removable cylinders have here tofore beenconfined in their use to the over head valve type of engine. But withthe use of the joint described above. removable cylinders may beemployed with any type of engines.

It will also be observed that the lower surface 26 of the flange 12 isin direct engagement with the inner portion of the bottom wall of theseat 8. The flange 12 being the same thickness as the depth of thecounterbore in the support 7, the upper surface of the cylinder. willremain under all conditions flush with the upper surface of the risingor jacket 6, whereby the cap .24

will hear at all times against both of these surfaces to thereby preventthe cylinder from becoming loose within its supports.

W e claim:

1. In a device of the class described, a cas upper and lower cylindersupports with in said casing, a seat. in the upper support, a gasket onsaid seat, a removable cylinder within said supports, andsupportingmeans on said cylinder engaging said seat and provided with acamming surface for distorting sa-id gasket, whereby when said cylinderis forced to operative position in said supports a non-leakable joint isproduced between said supporting means of said cylinder and the uppersupport, substantially as described.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a casing, upper and lower cylindersupports secured to said casing and extending in wardly therefrom, aseat in the upper support, a gasket on said seat, an inwardly openinggroove within said lower support, a gasket within said groove, aremovable cylinder held by said supports, said cylinder having at oneend a flange provided with a cinnn'iing surface for distorting the firstmentioned gasket and forcing it against the side and bottom walls of thesaid seat, and having at its other end a tapered surface for compressingsaid second mentioned gas:- ket, whereby a. water-tight compartment isprovided for the cooling fluid between the supports and the walls of thecylinder and. easing.

8. In an internal. combustion engine, an engine casing having acountcrbore forming a seat in one end thereof, a gasket within saidseat, a removable cylinder having a flange. on one end for engaging saidseat, said flange having a cumming surface for distorting said gasketagainst said seat, valves for said cylinder located laterally thereof,and a cap having a combustion chamber for inclosing. said valve and oneend of said cylinder, said cap engaging said flange, substantially asshown and described.

In testimony whereof we aflix our signatures.

ARTHUR A. BULL. REX o. DARNELL.

